{"id":771,"date":"2020-05-07T10:37:12","date_gmt":"2020-05-07T05:07:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.potentialloops.org\/?p=771"},"modified":"2020-05-07T10:37:14","modified_gmt":"2020-05-07T05:07:14","slug":"mutations-in-sars-cov-2-offer-insights-into-virus-evolution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.potentialloops.org\/?p=771","title":{"rendered":"Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 offer insights into virus evolution"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p> Date: May 5, 2020 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Source 1: University College London <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Source 2: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2020\/05\/200505190550.htm\">www.sciencedaily.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Summary: By analyzing virus genomes from over 7,500 people  infected with COVID-19, researchers have characterized patterns of  diversity of SARS-CoV-2 virus genome, offering clues to direct drugs and  vaccine targets. The study identified close to 200 recurrent genetic  mutations in the virus, highlighting how it may be adapting and evolving  to its human hosts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By analysing virus genomes from over 7,500 \npeople infected with Covid-19, a UCL-led research team has characterised\n patterns of diversity of SARS-CoV-2 virus genome, offering clues to \ndirect drugs and vaccine targets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The study, led by the UCL Genetics Institute, identified close to 200\n recurrent genetic mutations in the virus, highlighting how it may be \nadapting and evolving to its human hosts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Researchers found that a large proportion of the global genetic \ndiversity of SARS-CoV-2 is found in all hardest-hit countries, \nsuggesting extensive global transmission from early on in the epidemic \nand the absence of single &#8216;Patient Zeroes&#8217; in most countries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The findings, published today in <em>Infection, Genetics and Evolution<\/em>,\n also further establish the virus only emerged recently in late 2019, \nbefore quickly spreading across the globe. Scientists analysed the \nemergence of genomic diversity in SARS-CoV-2, the new coronavirus \ncausing Covid-19, by screening the genomes of over 7,500 viruses from \ninfected patients around the globe. They identified 198 mutations that \nappear to have independently occurred more than once, which may hold \nclues to how the virus is adapting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co-lead author Professor Francois Balloux (UCL Genetics Institute) \nsaid: &#8220;All viruses naturally mutate. Mutations in themselves are not a \nbad thing and there is nothing to suggest SARS-CoV-2 is mutating faster \nor slower than expected. So far we cannot say whether SARS-CoV-2 is \nbecoming more or less lethal and contagious.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The small genetic changes, or mutations, identified were not evenly \ndistributed across the virus genome. As some parts of the genome had \nvery few mutations, the researchers say those invariant parts of the \nvirus could be better targets for drug and vaccine development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;A major challenge to defeating viruses is that a vaccine or drug \nmight no longer be effective if the virus has mutated. If we focus our \nefforts on parts of the virus that are less likely to mutate, we have a \nbetter chance of developing drugs that will be effective in the long \nrun,&#8221; Professor Balloux explained.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;We need to develop drugs and vaccines that cannot be easily evaded by the virus.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co-lead author Dr Lucy van Dorp (UCL Genetics Institute) added: \n&#8220;There are still very few genetic differences or mutations between \nviruses. We found that some of these differences have occurred multiple \ntimes, independently of one another during the course of the pandemic &#8212;\n we need to continue to monitor these as more genomes become available \nand conduct research to understand exactly what they do.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The results add to a growing body of evidence that SARS-CoV-2 viruses\n share a common ancestor from late 2019, suggesting that this was when \nthe virus jumped from a previous animal host, into people. This means it\n is most unlikely the virus causing Covid-19 was in human circulation \nfor long before it was first detected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In many countries including the UK, the diversity of viruses sampled \nwas almost as much as that seen across the whole world, meaning the \nvirus entered the UK numerous times independently, rather than via any \none index case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The research team have developed a new interactive, open-source \nonline application so that researchers across the globe can also review \nthe virus genomes and apply similar approaches to better understand its \nevolution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr van Dorp said: &#8220;Being able to analyse such an extraordinary number\n of virus genomes within the first few months of the pandemic could be \ninvaluable to drug development efforts, and showcases how far genomic \nresearch has come even within the last decade. We are all benefiting \nfrom a tremendous effort by hundreds of researchers globally who have \nbeen sequencing virus genomes and making them available online.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The study was conducted by researchers in the UCL Faculties of Life \nSciences and Medical Sciences, alongside colleagues from Cirad and \nUniversit\u00e9 de la R\u00e9union, University of Oxford, and Imperial College \nLondon, and supported by the Newton Fund UK-China NSFC initiative and \nthe Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Story Source:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ucl.ac.uk\/news\/2020\/may\/mutations-sars-cov-2-offer-insights-virus-evolution\" target=\"_blank\">Materials<\/a> provided by <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ucl.ac.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>University College London<\/strong><\/a>. <em>Note: Content may be edited for style and length.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2020\/05\/200505190550.htm\">www.sciencedaily.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Journal Reference<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Lucy van Dorp, Mislav Acman, Damien Richard, Liam P. Shaw, Charlotte\n E. Ford, Louise Ormond, Christopher J. Owen, Juanita Pang, Cedric C.S. \nTan, Florencia A.T. Boshier, Arturo Torres Ortiz, Fran\u00e7ois Balloux. <strong>Emergence of genomic diversity and recurrent mutations in SARS-CoV-2<\/strong>. <em>Infection, Genetics and Evolution<\/em>, 2020; 104351 DOI: <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104351\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104351<\/a>\n<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Date: May 5, 2020 Source 1: University College London Source 2: www.sciencedaily.com Summary: By analyzing virus genomes from over 7,500 people infected with COVID-19, researchers have characterized patterns of diversity of SARS-CoV-2 virus genome, offering clues to direct drugs and vaccine targets. The study identified close to 200 recurrent genetic mutations in the virus, highlighting [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":772,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[31,103,107,108,105,102,40,43,52],"class_list":["post-771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-coronavirus","tag-covid-19","tag-evolution","tag-findings","tag-genomes","tag-insights","tag-mutation","tag-research","tag-researcher","tag-sars-cov-2"],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 offer insights into virus evolution -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.potentialloops.org\/?p=771\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 offer insights into virus evolution -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Date: May 5, 2020 Source 1: University College London Source 2: www.sciencedaily.com Summary: By analyzing virus genomes from over 7,500 people infected with COVID-19, researchers have characterized patterns of diversity of SARS-CoV-2 virus genome, offering clues to direct drugs and vaccine targets. 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